番茄灰霉病生防菌株TL1的分离、鉴定及其生防能力分析

Isolation,Identification and Analysis of Biocontrol Ability of Biocontrol Strain TL1 Against Tomato Botrytis cinerea

为了筛选对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)具有拮抗作用的菌株,通过平板对峙法从西藏高原土壤中分离筛选到一株具有较好拮抗作用的菌株TL1。形态学观察、生理生化分析以及分子生物学鉴定结果表明,该菌株为马氏类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus maysiensis),并具有固氮和溶磷作用。TL1在平板上能显著抑制灰霉病菌菌丝生长,抑菌率为74.32%,且该菌产生的挥发性物质呈现显著抑菌活性。进一步平板抑菌试验表明,TL1菌株对褐斑病菌等6种病原真菌均具有显著抑菌活性,其中对烟草赤星病菌(Alternaria alternata)的抑制率最高(73.48%),对黄瓜褐斑病菌(Corynespora cassiicola)的抑制率最低(57.37%)。TL1菌株能够在番茄果实上定殖并抑制由灰霉病菌引起的腐烂,且可以显著提高番茄种子的萌发率以及促进番茄幼苗生长。

In order to screen the antagonistic strain against Botrytis cinerea,a TL1 strain with good antagonistic effect was isolated from the soil of Tibet Plateau by plate confrontation method.The results of morphological observation,physiological and biochemical analysis and molecular biological identification showed that TL1 strain was Paenibacillus maysiensis,which could fix nitrogen and dissolving phosphorus.In addition,TL1 strain could significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea on the plate,and the inhibition rate was 74.32%.It was further found that the volatile substances produced by TL1 strain showed significant inhibition activity.Plate inhibition test showed that TL1 strain had significant inhibition activity against six pathogenic fungi,such as brown spot.Among them,the inhibition rate of Alternaria alternata was the highest(73.48%),and the inhibition rate of Corynespora cassiicola was the lowest(57.37%).Physiological experiments showed that TL1 strain could colonize tomato fruit and inhibit the decay caused by gray mold,and TL1 strain could significantly improve seed germination rate and promote the growth of tomato seedlings.