基于模型法的大豆抗倒伏评价方法研究

Study on Lodging Resistance Evaluation Method of Soybean Based on Model Method

为了创新大豆抗倒伏鉴定方法,为简单、快速鉴定大豆机械化生产中的抗倒伏性提供理论基础和技术支持,本研究以黑龙江省不同生态区主栽的大豆品种为材料,以大豆花期、结荚期和鼓粒期的茎秆强度、株高、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重、地下部干重、植株含水量为指标,设计6种多因子抗倒指数,通过相关性分析探讨大豆抗倒伏最佳鉴定时期及抗倒指数,并利用通径系数分析各指标对最佳抗倒指数的贡献大小。结果表明:结荚期检测多因子抗倒指数1A[茎秆强度/(株高×地上部鲜重)×100]为简单、快速鉴定大豆抗倒伏的最佳技术模型,抗倒指数1A为0.02以上的材料均表现出很强的抗倒伏能力。通径系数分析表明对大豆抗倒伏性贡献最大的因子为茎秆强度(r=0.831^(**)),而对大豆易倒伏贡献较大的因子为株高(r=-0.644^(**))和地上部鲜重(r=-0.627^(**))。无论从相关程度还是相对效果来看,茎秆强度对抗倒指数的影响作用都极为明显,正向直接效应最大(P1→y=0.652)。研究确立了快捷评价大豆抗倒伏性的技术模型:在大豆结荚期检测抗倒指数1A[茎秆强度/(株高×地上部鲜重)×100]。抗材倒指数1A>0.02的材料抗倒伏能力较强,茎秆强度对抗倒指数影响作用极大。

In order to innovate the identification method of soybean lodging resistance and provide theoretical basis and technical support for simple and rapid identification of lodging resistance in soybean mechanized production, we used the main soybean varieties cultivated in different ecological areas of Heilongjiang Province as materials, and set up six multifactor resistance index with soybean flowering and podding stage and drum of soybean stem strength, plant height, aboveground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, underground fresh weight, dry weight, plant water content as indexes. Then we discussed the best identification period and lodging resistance index of soybean through correlation analysis, and analyzed the contribution of each index to the best lodging resistance index by path coefficient. The results showed that the lodging resistance index 1 A[stem strength/(plant height × shoot fresh weight) ×100)] at pod setting stage was the best technical model for simple and rapid identification of lodging resistance, and all the materials with lodging resistance index above 0.02 showed strong lodging resistance. Path coefficient analysis showed that stalk strength was the most important factor contributing to lodging resistance of soybean(r=0.831^(**)), while plant height(r=-0.644^(**)) and shoot fresh weight(r=-0.627^(**)) were the most important factors contributing to lodging susceptibility of soybean. The effect of stem strength on anti-lodging index was very obvious in terms of correlation degree and relative effect, and the direct positive effect was the largest(P1→y=0.652). This study established a technical model for fast evaluation of lodging resistance of soybean: Detect the lodging resistance index 1 A[stem strength/(plant height × shoot fresh weight) ×100)] at pod setting stage. The lodging resistance of materials with lodging index 1 A>0.02 was stronger, and the stem strength had a great effect on lodging resistance index.