基于两光子偏振-空间模超纠缠态的高容量的量子秘密共享协议

High-capacity quantum secret sharing protocol with two-photon polarization-spatial-mode hyperentanglement

基于两光子偏振-空间模超纠缠态,本文提出了一种可行的高容量三方量子秘密共享协议.秘密所有者Alice制备偏振-空间模超纠缠光子对并分别分发给两个代理人Bob和Charlie.两个代理人利用空间模纠缠辅助的非局域完全Bell态分析技术,通过协作可以明确区分Alice的偏振Bell态.仅需线性光学元件来构造代理人的测量设备,这使得该协议在实验实现时更可行.与现有基于两光子纠缠的量子秘密共享协议相比,本方案不需要双向量子通信,且由于一个偏振-空间模超纠缠光子对可传输两个比特的信息,因此具有更高的容量.纠错和秘密放大技术保证了所提出的量子秘密共享协议是安全和可靠的.

This paper proposes a feasible high-capacity tripartite quantum secret sharing protocol based on the two-photon polarization-spatial-mode hyperentangled state.Alice,the secret owner,prepares polarization-spatial-mode hyperentangled photon pairs and distributes them to two agents,Bob and Charlie.Using nonlocal complete Bell state analysis technology assisted by spatial mode entanglement,the two agents can collaborate to distinguish Alice’s Bell state in polarization degree of freedom.Only linear optical elements are needed to construct the agents’measuring devices,which makes the protocol more feasible in experimental implementation.Compared with the existing quantum secret sharing protocols based on two-photon entanglement,this scheme does not need two-way quantum communication and has high capacity because it can transmit two bits of information with a polarization-spatial-mode hyperentangled photon pair.The proposed quantum secret sharing protocol is secure and reliable due to error correction and privacy amplification technology.