基于宏基因组分析有氧运动对滩羊瘤胃微生物丰度的影响

Effect of aerobic exercise on rumen microbial abundance of Tan sheep analyzed based on metagenomic analysis

试验旨在探讨有氧运动对育肥期滩羊瘤胃微生物丰度的影响。选取同期断奶体重(16±2) kg的滩羊母羔羊60只,随机分为3组,每组20个重复,每个重复1只羊。10 km组羊除每日在圈舍自由活动外,沿生态牧场运动跑道有氧运动行走10 km;5 km组羊除每日在圈舍自由活动外,沿生态牧场运动跑道有氧运动行走5 km;NC组(对照组)羊每日在圈舍内自由活动。试验期6个月。结果显示,5 km组羊瘤胃OTU独有标识476条,菌群种类变化最大,10 km组次之。与NC组相比,10 km组羊瘤胃酸杆菌门丰度显著增高(P<0.05),5 km组疣微菌门、变形菌门丰度显著增高(P<0.05);5 km组红细菌科、假单胞菌丰度显著增高(P<0.05);5 km组Muri菌108610丰度降低(P<0.05)。基于Kruskal-Wallis方法分析,与NC组相比,10 km组羊瘤胃反刍兽新月单胞菌、埃氏巨型球菌、均匀拟杆菌、酸热脂环酸杆菌、瘤胃梭菌CPB6、嗜酸乳杆菌丰度增加;5 km组羊瘤胃甲烷短杆菌丰度增加。种水平Anosim分析,与NC组相比,10 km组、5 km组羊瘤胃脱硫弧菌丰度降低。研究表明,滩羊育肥期每日有氧运动10 km,可增加瘤胃有益菌菌群丰度,降低有害菌丰度,提升瘤胃健康水平。

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on rumen microbial abundance of Tan sheep during fattening period. Sixty Tan sheep female lambs with weaning body weight of(16±2) kg were randomly divided into three groups with 20 replicates in each group, one sheep per replicate. Sheep in group-10 km walked 10 km aerobic exercise along the ecological pasture exercise track in addition to free activities in the pen every day, sheep in group-5 km walked 5 km aerobic exercise along the ecological pasture exercise track in addition to free activities in the pen every day, sheep in NC group(control group) walked free activities in the pen every day. The trial lasted for 6 months.The results showed that there were 476 tags unique to OTU in group-5 km, and the species of bacteria changed the most in group-10 km. Compared with NC group, rumen Acidobacteria abundance in group-10 km was significantly increased(P<0.05). The abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria in group-5 km was significantly increased(P<0.05). The abundance of Rhodobacteraceae and Pseudomonadaceae in group-5 km was significantly increased(P<0.05). The abundance of Muribaculaceae bacterium DSM 108610 in group-5 km was decreased(P<0.05). Based on Kruskal-Wallis method analysis, compared with NC group, the abundance of composti Selenomonas sputigena, Megasphaera elsdenii,Bacteroides uniformis, Thermobacillus, Ruminococcaceae bacterium CPB6 and Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius from rumen of sheep in group-10 km increased. Rumen abundance of Methanobrevibacter millerae was increased in group-5 km. Desulfovibrio piger abundance in rumen in group-10 km and group-5 km was decreased compared with that in NC group by seed level Anosim analysis. The experiment indicates that the daily aerobic exercise of 10 km during the fattening period of Tan sheep can increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria, and improve the level of rumen health.