2010-2021年广西淋病流行特征与趋势分析

The Epidemiological characteristics and trend analysis of gonorrhea in Guangxi, 2010-2021

目的 了解广西壮族自治区(简称广西)淋病流行趋势,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法 对2010-2021年通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病监测信息系统报告的广西淋病病例资料进行描述性分析。结果 2010-2021年,广西淋病报告发病率由2010年的15.91/10万下降至2015年的9.06/10万,再波动上升至2021年的15.91/10万。男女性别比由2010年的1.63∶1上升至2017年的2.88∶1,再下降至2021年的2.67∶1。广西不同地区的淋病报告发病率存在差异,2010年南宁市发病率最高,为28.43/10万,2015年钦州市发病率最低,为2.92/10万,广西贵港市淋病报告发病率呈显著上升趋势(Z=2.81,P=0.005)。15~19岁组和20~24岁组报告发病率呈显著上升趋势,其中15~19岁组报告发病率由2010年的8.52/10万上升至2021年的57.37/10万(Z=4.05,P<0.001),20~24岁组报告发病率由2010年的24.42/10万上升至2021年的71.68/10万(Z=2.13,P=0.03),50岁以上组别报告发病率呈显著下降趋势,其中50~54岁组报告发病率由2010年的14.43/10万下降至2021年的5.51/10万(Z=-3.09,P=0.002),55~59岁组报告发病率由2010年的14.49/10万下降至2021年的4.21/10万(Z=-3.36,P<0.001),大于60岁组报告发病率由2010年的10.25/10万下降至2021年的2.16/10万(Z=-3.99,P<0.001)。结论 近十年来,广西淋病报告发病率呈先下降后上升趋势,贵港市报告发病率呈显著上升趋势,15~24岁人群报告发病率呈显著上升趋势,应加强对广西重点地区及重点人群的淋病防控工作。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological trend of gonorrhea in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Guangxi) and to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods A descriptive analysis was performed to the data of gonorrhea cases in Guangxi reported through the Infectious Disease Surveillance Information System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2010 to 2021. Results From 2010 to 2021, the reported incidence of gonorrhea in Guangxi decreased from 15.91/100,000 in 2010 to 9.06/100,000in 2015 and then fluctuated to 15.91/100,000 in 2021. The male-to-female sex ratio increased from 1.63:1 in 2010 to 2.88:1in 2017 and then decreased to 2.67:1 in 2021. The reported incidence of gonorrhea varied in different regions of Guangxi with the highest of 28.43/100,000 in Nanning City in 2010 and the lowest of 2.92/100,000 in Qinzhou City in 2015. The reported incidence of gonorrhea in Guigang City showed a significant upward trend(Z=2.81, P=0.005). The reported incidence rate increased from 8.52/100,000 in 2010 to 57.37/100,000 in 2021(Z=4.05, P<0.001) in the 15-19 group, and from 24.42/100, 000 in 2010 to 71.68/100, 000(Z=2.13, P=0.03) in 2021 in the 20-24-year-old group. The reported incidence rate in the group over 50 years old showed a significant downward trend. The reported incidence rate in the 50-54 years old group decreased from 14.43/100,000 in 2010 to 5.51/100,000 in 2021(Z=-3.09, P=0.002). The figure in the 55-59 years old group decreased from 14.49/100,000 in 2010 to 4.21/100, 000 in 2021(Z=-3.36, P<0.001) and the figure decreased from 10.25 per 100,000 in 2010 to 2.16 per 100, 000 in 2021 in the above 60 group(Z=-3.99, P<0.001). Conclusions In the past ten years, the reported incidence of gonorrhea in Guangxi has shown a trend of a decreasing at first and then rising again. The reported incidence rate of gonorrhea in Guigang City showed a significant upward trend. The same phenomenon was observed among people aged 15~24 years. The prevention and control of gonorrhea in key areas and populations in Guangxi should be strengthened.