行政诉讼合法性审查中“法”的重述

Reconsidering"Law"in the Legality Review of Administrative Litigation

在《行政诉讼法》和司法解释规定中,合法性审查中的“法”是指作为依据的法律、法规和参照的规章以及引用的规范性文件。基于法规范的滞后性、局限性,司法实践已经将合法性审查中的“法”扩展到了宪法、习惯、判例和法原则。基于解决行政争议的需要,应将“政策”“情理”纳入合法性审查中“法”的范围。基于合法性审查中的“法”的外在视角,应将政策作为合法性审查中“法”的补充;基于合法性审查中的“法”的内在视角,应将情理作为合法性审查中“法”的补强。基于此,可以构建“法定范围”—“扩展范围”—“补充/补强范围”三层次合法性审查中“法”的范围。

The“law”in the legality review in China’s Administrative Litigation Law and judicial interpretations refers to the laws,regulations,rules and normative documents that are used as a basis for judicial review.Due to the limitations of legal norms,judicial practice has extended the“law”in legality review to the Constitution,customs,precedents and principles of laws.Based on the need to resolve administrative disputes,it is necessary to include“policy”and“sentiment and reason”into the scope of“law”in the legality review.From the external perspective of the“law”in the legality review,the policy is taken as the supplement of the“law”;from the internal perspective of the“law”in the legality review,sentiment and reason can also be the supplement to the“law”.On this basis,the restatement of the“law”in the legality review leads to an expanded scope of“law”consisting of“statutory scope”,“extended scope”and“supplementary/reinforcing scope”.