印赐臣工:《御制耕织图》与康熙皇帝南巡

Prints for Officials:the Imperial Farming and Weaving Pictures and Emperor Kangxi’s Tours to Southern China

清康熙三十五年(1696)的《御制耕织图》版画,与绘本版本的“唯一性”不同,因其“复数性”而具备了传播的属性。本文通过梳理《清代起居注册·康熙朝》等记载中康熙帝南巡赏赐《御制耕织图》的相关材料,结合张鹏翮翻刻版本的颁行,分析康熙帝将《御制耕织图》赏赐的官员具体情况、皇帝的用意及官员受赐后的回应,展现南巡期间通过版画赏赐引起的君臣互动的过程。结合康熙帝第二次与第三次南巡赏赐之变化,分析康熙帝利用版画媒介的传播属性,渗透统治理念,以拉拢、教化臣工之用意。

Prints,different from paintings,can be given to many people because they can be copied numerous times,of which the Imperial Farming and Weaving Pictures printed in the 35th year in the reign of the Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty(1696)is an example.By combing through relevant materials in the "Kangxi Living Notes" and other records,as well as the issuance of Zhang Penghe’s reprinted version,this paper analyzes the Emperor rewarding officials with the Imperial Farming and Weaving Pictures in his southern tour,his intentions and the officials’ responses,to demonstrate interactions between the Emperor and his officials.Given the differences of the Emperor’s rewards in his second and third tours to the south,this paper analyzes the Emperor’s purpose of using prints as a tool to spread his ruling philosophy and to win over and educate his officials.