组织、制度与工具:城市基层社会治理创新的三重路径——以厦门市湖里区小区治理创新为例

Organization,Institution and Tools:the Three Pathsfor Innovation in Urban Grassroots Social Governance——Based on the Innovation of Residential Community Governance in Huli District,Xiamen City

“大社区”基层治理模式存在基层党建“虚置”、基层治理失范和小区共同体意识缺乏等问题,可以从组织建设、制度型塑和工具创新三个角度入手加以破解。厦门市湖里区探索以小区为场域的基层社会治理模式,以组织建设为引领,将“支部建在小区”上,推进党支部深度嵌入小区治理,下沉公共行政资源,破除了党建虚置困境;以制度型塑为保障,营造了小区治理的公平场域,激发居民参与的自主性,推动了共建共治共享格局的形成;以工具创新为手段,通过社会化工具的整合功能协调了小区的服务供给和多元利益,通过技术性工具的赋权作用激活了小区居民的公共精神,培育了小区共同体意识,最终实现了组织、制度、工具“三位一体”,是富有成效的新时代城市基层社会治理的创新实践。

There are some problems in the grassroots governance of "big community" mode,such as the vacancy of grassroots party construction,the anomie of grassroots governance and the lack of community consciousness,which could be solved from the three perspectives:organization construction,institutional modeling and tools innovation.Huli District of Xiamen City explored a new grassroots social governance model which was based on the residential communities.Under the guidance of the organizational reconstruction,the party branch was built in each residential community and deeply embedded in the process of residential community governance,the public administrative resources were decentralized to the most basic level,which helped the grassroots party organizations get rid of the predicament of vacancy.With the institutional modeling as the guarantee,Huli District created a fair field in residential community,stimulated the participation autonomy of residents,and promoted the formation of co-construction,co-governance and shared governance pattern.From the perspective of tools innovation,the service supply of residential community and diversified interests were coordinated through the integration of social tools,the public spirit of residents was activated through the empowerment of technical tools,and community consciousness was cultivated as well.In a word,the "trinity" of organization,institutions,and tools was proved as an effective innovation of urban grassroots social governance in the new era.