在所有权与使用权之间:土地占有权及其实现

Between the Ownership and the Right to Use:The Possession of Land and Its Realization

本文从经济产权的分析框架与剩余控制权理论入手,基于田面权、典权等传统地权制度系统论述了独立于所有权与使用权之间的土地财产权利。非所有者的要素投入带来土地增值与土地权利增量,在开发进程与市场交易中被界定为非所有者支配的占有权,能够行使典当、抵押、担保等权能,并形成独立的市场价格。有别于以财物实体控制为核心的物权概念,经济学意义的占有权可脱离财物实体而存在。本文拓展了产权理论,也可为当前的要素市场化改革提供理论支持与启示。

We excavate the heritage of traditional Chinese land system,discuss the realization of land possession right from land rights’system and the theory of residual control right.Non-owner creates the added value of land through investment cost,so as to control the new land rights matched with it,which forms Possession of land.This concept is different from real right.As a kind of property right,it is relatively independent of ownership and can be traded,even forming its own market price.The research on Possession of Land enriches the theory of property right and provides reference for current land system reform.