钠基蒙脱土协效阻燃、抑烟环氧树脂

Synergistic Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Sodium Montmorillonite for Epoxy Resin Thermosets

以焦磷酸哌嗪(PPAP)为阻燃剂、钠基蒙脱土(MMT)为协效剂,制备了阻燃环氧树脂(EP)材料,并对材料的阻燃、热降解及成炭性能进行了分析。当单独添加6%PPAP时,材料在垂直燃烧测试时达到了UL 94 V-0级。以MMT为协效剂,当PPAP与MMT的质量比为96:4时,材料的协同阻燃作用达到最佳,当阻燃剂总添加量为5%时,材料达到了UL 94 V-0级,极限氧指数为28.5%。锥形量热测试表明,与EP/PPAP体系相比,MMT的加入显著降低了材料的热量并且减少了烟气的释放,总烟释放降低了13.6%,同时促进了材料成炭,残炭量提高了55.7%。炭层的强度得到了提高,更多的可燃物滞留在凝聚相中,提高了材料的阻燃效率及火安全性能。

The flame retardant epoxy resin(EP)thermosets were prepared by incorporating the flame retarded additive of piperazine pyrophosphate(PPAP)and the synergistic agent of sodium montmorillonite(Na-MMT),and the flame retardant performacne,thermal degradation and charring capability of composite were investigated.The EP thermosets passed UL 94 V-0 rating during vertical burning tests when 6%PPAP was added.The synergistic agent MMT was incorporated EP/PPAP thermosets and the optimal synergistic effect was appeared when the mass fraction of PPAP and MMT was 96:4.The EP/PPAP/MMT composite reached UL 94 V-0 grade with the limited oxygen index of 28.5%when the total flame retardant loading amount was 5%.The cone calorimetry tests indicated that the addition of MMT further declined the heat and smoke release in comparation with that of EP/PPAP thermosets,and the total smoke release were declined by 13.6%.Moreover,MMT enhanced the charring capability of EP composite,and the residual char of EP/PPAP/MMT was increased by 55.7%.The quality of char layer was enhanced,and more combustible materials remained in condensed phase.As a result,the flame retardant efficiency and fire safety performance of EP thermosets were improved.