少数民族音乐研究的理念与视角——国家与民族 共时与历时

State and Nationalities, Synchronicity and Diachronism: Idea and Perspective in the Study of Ethnic Minorities’ Music

对于边地和少数民族音乐文化研究,应建立传统国家用乐民间积淀的研究视角。在对当下少数民族音乐活态进行考察认知的同时,从历时和共时的角度,将国家用乐对区域和民族自身文化传统的影响相结合;从国家礼乐制度下功能性用乐类型以及礼、俗两条主导脉络理念认知,把握国家观念下不同民族音声技艺形态整体一致性下的区域丰富性,认知传统国家制度下职业乐人承载体系的相通性对区域民族音声技艺形态之影响。从一体多元意义上把握国家在场,会更加深化对华夏传统音乐文化的认知。

It is necessary to establish a research perspective of the use of traditional national music in local regions in order to carry out musical cultural research on frontier and ethnic minorities. While investigating contemporary ethnic minorities’ living music, it is necessary to, in the synchronic and diachronic perspectives, to look at the influence of the use of national music on local region and ethnic cultural traditions. In two directing strands of the understanding, namely the genre and rite of the functional use of music in the national system of rite and music and the customs, it is possible to understand the regional diversity in the integrity of multiple national musical and technical forms in the concept of the state so as to understand the influence of the interconnection of the inheritance system of professional music players in the traditional state system on regional ethnic minorities’ musical and technical forms. Understanding the presence of the state in the concept of the unity of diversity enables the understanding of the Chinese musical culture.