西藏某小学一起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情调查及疫苗保护效果分析

Survey of a mumps outbreak and analysis of protective effect of vaccine in a primary school in Tibet

目的 调查分析西藏某小学一起流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情及疫苗保护效果,为类似疫情防控提供科学依据。方法开展病例个案调查,运用描述流行病学方法分析疫情流行特征、相关影响因素及疫苗保护效果。结果 共发现病例108例,全部病例均为学生,罹患率为6.55%(108/1 649)。共出现3代病例,以5年级学生为主,年龄在9~11岁之间,女生罹患率高于男生(χ^(2)=3.863,P=0.049);接种含腮腺炎成分疫苗(MuCV)是保护因素(RR=0.208,95%CI:0.049~0.843,VE=0.792),且接种1剂次疫苗的保护性低于接种2剂次疫苗(RR=4.722,95%CI:1.187~18.793,VE=-3.722)。结论 该疫情是一起因首发病例的不规范隔离管控导致的流行性腮腺炎暴发,接种MuCV是保护因素。

Objective To investigate an outbreak of mumps and analyze the protective effect of vaccine in a primary school in Tibet, so as to provide scientific basis for preventing and controlling similar epidemic of disease. Methods The case investigations was carried out, and the epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics,related influencing factors and and the pretective effect of vaccine. Results A total of 108 mumps cases were found out and all cases were students, with the incidence rate of 6.55%(108/1 649). There were 3 generations of cases, mainly in grade 5students, and all cases aged 9-11 years. The incidence rate of girl students was higher than that of boy students(χ^(2)=3.863, P=0.049). The vaccination of mumps-containing vaccine(MuCV) was protective factor(RR=0.208, 95%CI: 0.049-0.843, VE=0.792), and the protection of 1 dose vaccination was lower than that of 2 doses vaccination(RR=4.722, 95%CI: 1.187-18.793,VE=-3.722). Conclusions This mumps outbreak is caused by the first case without regular isolation and control. The vaccination of MuCV is the protective factor.