元宇宙的哲学基础及其伦理问题——兼与翟振明教授商榷

The Philosophical Basis of the Metaverse and Its Ethical Issues:And a Discussion with Professor Zhai Zhenming

元宇宙就是虚拟世界与现实世界相互作用的扩展世界,元宇宙的本体论原理是现实世界优先原则,其形而上学依据是先验自我的唯一性要求。由此派生出元宇宙的基本伦理学原则,即虚拟无害原则、虚拟自愿原则、虚拟可辨原则和禁止复制人类原则。“扩展现实”是翟振明教授首先明确提出的,但他坚持虚拟-现实对等原则,进而提出“造世伦理学”。他一方面主张本体自我的先验性和唯一性,另一方面却把更能体现这种唯一性的现实世界与不能体现这种唯一性的虚拟世界等量齐观,不分上下,这是理论上的不协调,并使其造世伦理陷于困境。

The metaverse is the expanded world in which the virtual world interacts with the real world,and the ontological tenet of the metaverse is the principle of priority of the real world,and its metaphysical basis is the requirement of the transcendental self-uniqueness.What derived from this are the basic principles of metaversal ethics,namely the principle of harmlessness of the virtual world,the principle of voluntariness of the virtual world,the principle of distinguishability of the virtual world,and the principle of prohibition of duplicating human beings.The concept of“expanded reality”was first explicitly put forward by Professor Zhai Zhenming,but he adheres to the principle of equality between virtual and real worlds,and proposes“world-making ethics”.On the one hand,he advocates the transcendentality and uniqueness of the ontological self,but on the other hand,he equates the real world that can better embody this uniqueness with the virtual world that cannot embody this uniqueness,which leads to a theoretical inconsistency and puts his world-making ethics in a dilemma.