2017年—2021年郑州地区女性HPV感染特征分析

Analysis of human papillomavirus infection in females of Zhengzhou area from 2017 to 2021

目的 探讨2017年—2021年郑州地区妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染现状、亚型分布以及感染特征。方法 采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和流式荧光杂交法,对27 867例女性进行HPV基因分型检测。结果 27 867例女性共检测出感染者4 812例,总感染率为17.27%。2017年—2021年HPV检出率分别为17.08%、15.12%、20.59%、18.28%、15.36%。4 812例感染者中,低危型占比16.54%,高危型占比72.59%,低危加高危混合感染占比10.87%。单重感染比例最多,占75.21%,其次为二重感染,占19.08%。27种亚型中,高危感染占比前3位的亚型分别为HPV16(11.26%)、HPV52(9.78%)、HPV58(9.22%),低危感染占比前3位的亚型分别为HPV61(5.26%)、HPV6(3.62%)、HPV81(3.60%)。HPV11、HPV43、HPV55、HPV61、HPV53、HPV58、HPV59变化趋势差异有统计学意义。结论 近5年间郑州地区HPV检出率并无趋势变化,5年间部分亚型占比上升或下降趋势明显。

Objective This paper aims to analyze the human papillomavirus(HPV) infection status, sub-genotype distribution and infection characteristics in females of Zhengzhou area from 2017 to 2021. Methods HPV genotyping was performed in 27 867 women by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and flow fluorescence hybridization. Results A total of 4 812 cases of infection were detected among 27 867 females, with a total infection rate of 17.27%. The annual detection rates of HPV from 2017 to 2021 were 17.08%, 15.12%, 20.59%, 18.28% and 15.36%, respectively. Among 4 812 infected patients, low-risk type accounted for 16.54%, high-risk type for 72.59%, and mixed infection of low-risk and high-risk accounted for 10.87%. The proportion of single infection was the largest, accounting for 75.21%, followed by double infection, accounting for 19.08%. Among the 27 subtypes, the top three subtypes with high risk infection were HPV16(11.26%), HPV52(9.78%) and HPV58(9.22%), while the top three subtypes with low risk infection were HPV61(5.26%), HPV6(3.62%) and HPV81(3.60%). The trend differences of HPV11, HPV43, HPV55, HPV61, HPV53, HPV58 and HPV59 were statistically significant. Conclusion In the past five years, the HPV detection rate in Zhengzhou showed no trend change. The proportion of some subtypes increased or decreased significantly during the five years.