支气管扩张合并非结核分枝杆菌感染临床分析

Clinical analysis of bronchiectasis complicated with non-tuberculous mycobacterium infection

目的 分析支气管扩张合并非结核分枝杆菌感染临床情况。方法 将本院收治的33例支气管扩张合并非结核分枝杆菌感染患者按照支气管扩张侵犯的肺叶数分为各11例的观察组1(支气管扩张侵犯1片~2片肺叶)、观察组2(支气管扩张侵犯3片~4片肺叶)、观察组3(支气管扩张侵犯5片~6片肺叶),同期纳入单纯性支气管扩张患者33例。分析支气管扩张合并非结核分枝杆菌感染致病因素。结果 观察组3胸闷气促发生率高于观察组1、观察组2(P<0.05)。观察组3反复感染率、痰涂片菌量高于观察组1、观察组2,观察组3血清白蛋白水平、CD4^(+)淋巴细胞低于观察组1、观察组2,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组吸烟史、薄壁空洞、CD4^(+)水平、低白蛋白症例数与对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 薄壁空洞、低蛋白血症是导致支气管扩张合并NTM感染的独立危险因素,为预防该合并症的发生,需从病因入手进行防治。

Objective This paper aims to analyze the clinical situation of bronchiectasis complicated with non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection. Methods According to the number of lung lobes invaded by bronchiectasis, 33 patients with bronchiectasis combined with non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection in our hospital were divided into observation group 1(bronchiectasis impinges on 1 to 2 lobes), observation group 2(bronchiectasis impinges on 3 to 4 lobes), and observation group 3(bronchiectasis impinges on 5 to 6 lobes), with 11 cases in each group;33 patients with simple bronchiectasis were included in the same period. The pathogenic factors of bronchiectasis combined with non-tuberculous mycobacterium infection were analyzed. Results The incidence of chest tightness and shortness of breath in observation group 3 was higher than that in observation group 1 and observation group 2(P<0.05). The repeated infection rate and sputum smear bacterial count in observation group 3 were significantly higher than those in observation group 1 and 2, and the serum albumin level and CD4^(+)lymphocytes in observation group 3 were significantly lower than those in observation group 1 and 2, with the differences statistically significant(P<0.05). Smoking history, thin-walled cavity, CD4^(+)level, and the case number of hypoalbuminemia in the observation group were significantly different from those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Thin-wall cavity and hypoproteinemia are independent risk factors for bronchiectasis and NTM infection. In order to prevent the occurrence of this syndrome, it is necessary to start from the etiology.