利用工业固废制备新型无机建材研究进展

Research Progress in the Preparation of New Inorganic Building Materials from Industrial Solid Waste

【目的】当前,我国各种固废存量已超过600亿t,年均新增超过30亿t,对其再生利用和消纳处理技术进行深入研究十分必要。【方法】调研了国内利用无机固废制备新型建材的研究文献,相关研究内容广泛,包括利用各种主要工业固废制备再生骨料及其制品、填料、地聚物、玻璃类熔铸制品等的新型建材制品;简单介绍了河南省科学院绿色建材创新研究中心边华英团队结合省情和部分企业的固废资源禀赋开发研究的部分新型建材制品成果。【结果】相关成果的转化实施对于推动固废高值化循环利用将具有示范意义,能节约相应的不可再生天然卵石、砂石资源和黏土、矾土资源。【结论】特别是复合结构透水砖技术,对于在天然河湖及雨水资源匮乏而夏秋季节多暴雨的中原地区城市群建设海绵城市、韧性城市意义重大。

[Purposes] At present,the stock of all kinds of solid waste has exceeded 60 billion tons,the annual increase exceeded 3 billion tons.It is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the recycling and disposal technology about the solid waste.[Methods] In this paper,the domestic research literature on the preparation of new building materials using inorganic solid waste is investigated.The related research contents are extensive,including the preparation of new building materials using various main industrial solid waste to produce recycled aggregate and its products,fillers,geopolymers,glass products and so on.Then,several achievements of new inorganic building materials made by Bian Huaying team of Green Building Materials Innovation Research Center of Henan Building Materials Research and Design Institute from Henan Academy of Sciences are briefly introduced,that about the corresponding use of industrial solid waste to prepare new inorganic building materials is combined with the provincial situation and the solid waste resource endowment of some enterprises.[Findings] The transformation and implementation of relevant achievements will have a demonstration significance for promoting the recycling of solid waste with high value,and can save the corresponding non-renewable natural pebble,sand and stone resources and clay and bauxite resources.[Conclusions] In particular,the permeable brick technology is of great significance for the construction of sponge city and resilient city in the Central Plains urban agglomeration where natural rivers and lakes are scarce and rainwater resources are frequent in summer and autumn.