中国式科技现代化:从落伍国到科技强国

Chinese-style Science and Technology Modernization: From a Lagging Country to a Power in Science and Technology

探究中国式科技现代化发展的机制、历程和成果。新中国成立70多年来,中国式科技现代化从快速追赶到创新超越,突出反映在“创新是引领发展的第一动力”,具体体现为三大能力——科技引进能力、科技模仿能力、科技自主创新能力三大能力,与两大效应——巨国市场规模效应、世界市场规模效应的综合集成及其相互作用,由此形成对外开放,加速追赶,后来居上,自主创新,不断超越的独特道路,助力中国实现了从“一穷二白”的科技空白国、落伍国,成长为世界科技创新之国。中国拥有世界最大规模的综合性高素质科技队伍,成为世界最大研发经费支出国之一,世界第二大数字经济之国,世界知识产权使用费进出口大国,并成为世界最大的农业生产国、科技期刊发表国、发明专利申请国、高技术出口国等。中国科技进步贡献率持续提高,进入世界创新型大国之列;到2025年,中国科技现代化将迈上新的大台阶,进一步改变未来世界科技发展版图,成为世界三大科技中心之一,为世界科技发展作出巨大贡献。

Chinese-style science and technology modernization can be summarized as sets of S&T capabilities, including the capability of science and technology integration, the science and technology imitation capability, and the science and technology independent innovation capability, together with the giant country market scale effect, and even the world market scale effect, as well as their interactions. This is the path of Chinese science and technology modernization from rapid catching up to innovation over the past seven decades, achieving the growth from a country with poverty and blankness of science and technology, and a lagging country to a world science and technology innovation one. China has built the world′s largest comprehensive high-quality science and technology team, become in the world one of the largest spenders on R&D, the largest publisher of science and technology journals, the largest patent applicant for inventions, the largest importer and exporter of intellectual property royalties, the largest exporter of high technology, the largest agricultural producer, and the second largest digital economy. By 2025, China′s scientific and technological strength will reach another great level, which will further change the world science and technology map in the future and will have become one of the world′s top three centers of science and technology, made great contributions to the world science and technology development.