河南省生境质量时空演变特征及影响因素

Temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of habitat quality in Henan Province

为评估和分析河南省生境质量及其时空演变特征,基于1980—2018年5期土地利用数据,采用In VEST模型和Moran’s I指数,并借助地理探测器模型揭示驱动生境质量时空分异的影响因素。结果表明:(1)河南省生境质量整体处于中等水平。1980—2018年平均生境质量由0.420 9下降为0.401 0,生境退化度从0.117 1上升至0.149 4,省域内生境质量整体呈下降趋势。(2)生境质量较高的区域集中于省域西南部山地丘陵区,空间上呈现“西高东低、南高北低”的分布特征,生境退化热点区集中于中东部城镇建设用地。(3)生境质量和生境退化Moran’s I指数均表现出正空间自相关,但空间聚集性逐年下降。(4)土地利用类型是驱动生境质量变化的主导因素,解释力(q值)达96.87%。任意两个因子的交互作用对生境质量空间分异影响均大于单因子的作用,土地利用与NDVI、高程、降水、坡度、气温和夜晚灯光强度的交互作用结果均大于0.97。

In order to evaluate and analyze the habitat quality and its spatial and temporal evolution characteristics in Henan Province,the In VEST model and Morans’ I index were used based on five periods of land use data from 1980 to 2018,and the influencing factors driving the temporal and spatial variation of habitat quality were revealed with the help of Geodetector model.The results showed that:(1) The overall habitat quality in Henan Province was at a medium level.From 1980 to 2018,the average habitat quality decreased from 0.420 9 to 0.401 0,and the degree of habitat degradation increased from 0.117 1 to 0.149 4.The overall habitat quality in the region showed a downward trend.(2) The regions with high habitat quality were concentrated in the mountainous and hilly areas in the southwest of the province,showing the distribution characteristics of "high in the west and low in the east,high in the south and low in the north".The hot spots of habitat degradation were concentrated in the urban construction land in the middle east.(3) The Moran’s I index of habitat quality and habitat degradation showed positive spatial autocorrelation,but the spatial aggregation decreased year by year.(4) Land use type was the dominant factor driving the change of habitat quality,and the explanatory power(q value) was 96.87%.The interaction of any two factors on the spatial differentiation of habitat quality was greater than that of single factor.The interaction results of land use and NDVI,elevation,precipitation,slope,temperature and night light intensity were greater than 0.97.