甘蔗叶多糖的分离纯化及其体外活性分析

Isolation,purification and in vitro activity analysis of polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves

以甘蔗叶为原料,采用机械力辅助超声法提取甘蔗叶粗多糖。经除蛋白、除色素、除小分子杂质等预处理后,用DEAE-52纤维素离子柱及DEAE-琼脂糖凝胶FF离子柱对甘蔗叶粗多糖进行分离纯化,得到SCLP-1和SCLP-5两种甘蔗叶纯多糖,并对其红外吸收特征、抑菌性能和抗氧化性能进行进一步研究。结果表明:甘蔗叶粗多糖提取率为1.8%,除蛋白率为39.8%,除蛋白过程多糖保留率为58.6%,除色素率为67.9%;除色素过程的多糖保留率为60.2%,除小分子杂质过程的多糖保留率为96.8%。红外光谱扫描结果显示,SCLP-1和SCLP-5这两种甘蔗叶纯多糖均具有多糖特征吸收峰;抗氧化试验结果显示,SCLP-5的抗氧化能力略高于SCLP-1的抗氧化性但均低于V_(C);抑菌试验结果显示,两种纯化组分对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有良好的抑制作用,且对大肠杆菌的抑制效果优于金黄色葡萄球菌。

In this paper,the crude polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves were extracted by mechanical force assisted ultrasonic method.After deproteinization,decolorization and removal of small molecular impurities,the produced crude polysaccharide extracts were purified by DEAE-52 cellulose ion column and DEAE-Sepharose fast flow chromatography to obtain two fractions,SCLP-1 and SCLP-5.The infrared absorption characteristics,antibacterial and antioxidant properties of SCLP-1 and SCLP-5 were further studied,and the results showed that the extraction rate of crude polysaccharides from sugarcane leaves was 1.8%,the protein removal rate was 39.8%,and the decolorization rate was 67.9%;the polysaccharide retention rates of the two processes were 58.6% and 60.2%,respectively,while the polysaccharide retention rate of the process of removing small molecular impurities was 96.8%.Infrared(IR) spectroscopy analysis showed that both SCLP-1 and SCLP-5 exhibited typical absorption peaks of polysaccharides;the results of in vitro antioxidant test showed that the antioxidant activity of SCLP-5 was slightly higher than that of SCLP-1,but lower than VC;the results of bacteriostasis test showed that both SCLP-1 and SCLP-5 have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus,especially for E.coli.