生猪产业环境规制对我国猪肉进口影响效应分析

The Impact of China’s Environmental Regulation of the Pig Industry on Pork Imports

利用中国与17个猪肉进口来源国面板数据,建立我国猪肉进口扩展贸易引力模型,并运用系统GMM方法估计环境规制水平差异对我国猪肉进口的动态影响效应。结果表明,我国生猪产业环境规制与猪肉进口规模之间存在倒U形的非线性关系。初期,我国生猪产业环境规制提高了生猪生产成本和猪肉价格,鼓励了猪肉进口。后期,生猪养殖企业适应了环境规制要求,通过环保技术创新与规模效应提高了产业竞争力,抑制了猪肉进口。

Using the dynamic panel data between China and its 17 pork trade partners, this paper established an extended trade gravity model for China’s pork imports. It estimated the dynamic effects of differences in environmental regulation levels on the scale of China’s pork imports by applying a systematic GMM method. The empirical results showed that, there was an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between the environmental regulation of China’s pig industry and the scale of its pork imports. In the early phases, environmental regulation increased the cost of pig production and the price of pork, which encouraged pork imports of China. In the later phases, pig raising enterprises adapted to the environmental regulation, improving their industrial competitiveness through the environmental protection technology innovation and scale effect of production, which reduced pork imports of China.