热制度对铜渣微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响规律

Effects of temperature regime on structure and properties of copper slag glass-ceramics by one-step method

一步法制备微晶玻璃是一种能够有效实现对冶金渣中“渣”和“热”同时利用的方法。以铜渣为研究对象,通过对铜渣重熔过程的研究,获得了接近现场铜渣矿相组成的重熔条件,在此基础上,探究了在不同的浇铸温度、不同的热处理温度对一步法生产的微晶玻璃结构和性能的影响。结果显示,在不同温度制度下,微晶玻璃中的晶相以不规则多面体形状的尖晶石和长条棒状的橄榄石为主。尖晶石矿物有利于微晶玻璃性能,而橄榄石大量析出不利于其性能,提高浇铸温度有利于尖晶石的析出。母玻璃中橄榄石和尖晶石析晶速率最大的温度分别为1 100℃和1 050℃。提高浇注温度≥1 500℃,降低析晶温度≤1 050℃,有利于抑制橄榄石并促进尖晶石析出,从而提高微晶玻璃性能。较优的一步法热制度为浇注温度1 500℃,析晶温度1 050℃,此时微晶玻璃的抗折强度达到78.06 MPa。

One-step preparation of glass ceramics is a method that can effectively realize the simultaneous utilization of “slag” and “heat” in metallurgical molten slag. In this paper, with copper slag as the research object, by studying the remelting process of copper slag, the remelting conditions close to the field copper slag phase composition were obtained, based on which the effects of different casting temperatures and different crystallization temperatures on the structure and properties of the glass-ceramics by one-step method were explored. The results show that under different temperature systems, the crystalline phases in glass ceramics are dominated by irregular polyhedral spinel and long rod-shaped olivine. Spinel minerals are beneficial to the performance of glass-ceramics, while the large amount of precipitation of olivine is not c onducive to its performance, and inproving the casting temperature is conducive to the precipitation of spinel.The temperatures with the maximum rate of olivine and spinel evolution in the parent glass are 1 100 ℃ and 1 050 ℃, respectively. Under the casting temperatures above or equal to 1 500 ℃ and crystallization temperatures below or equal to 1 050 ℃, it is beneficial to inhibit olivine and promote the precipitation of spinel, thus improving the performance of glass ceramics. The optimal heat preparation temperatures of one-step method are at a casting temperature of 1 500 ℃ and crystallization temperature of 1 050 ℃, when the antifolding strength reaches 78.06 MPa.