抑郁状态下大学生自我污名现状与对策

Self-stigma among university students in depressive state:current situation and counter measures considerations

目的调查抑郁大学生自我污名现状,从高等院校管理者的角度对如何降低抑郁自我污名提出对策。方法2022年1月选取某高等院校107名被医院诊断为抑郁状态的大学生进行抑郁自我污名量表匿名测量。结果在抑郁自我污名体验、保密性、刻板印象认同3个维度得分中,最高的是保密性维度,其次是污名体验维度,最低的是刻板印象认同维度;抑郁复发的大学生在刻板印象认同维度上得分高于首次发病的大学生(P<0.05);家庭来源地是农村的抑郁大学生在总分、污名体验、刻板印象维度上得分高于来自城市的抑郁大学生(P<0.05);不同病程的抑郁大学生在自我污名总分、污名体验、保密性和刻板印象4个维度得分上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同学科的抑郁大学生在自我污名总分、污名体验和保密性3个维度得分上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年级的抑郁大学生在总分、污名体验和刻板印象3个维度得分上差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论大学生抑郁自我污名总体上得分偏高,并在不同人口学统计变量上存在差异,高等院校管理者应有针对性的采取措施并整合专业医院、家长等资源,有效减轻大学生抑郁自我污名。

Objective To investigate the current situation of self-stigma among university students in depressive state,and to propose countermeasures on how to reduce self-stigma of depression from the perspective of higher education authority.Methods A total of 107 students from a university,hospital-diagnosed as having a depressive state,were recruited to participate in an anonymous assessment using the Depression Self-Stigma of Scale(DSSS)in January 2022.Results Among the three DSSS dimensions(stigmatizing experiences,secrecy and stereotype endorsement),the domain score was the highest for secrecy,followed by stigmatizing experiences,and was the lowest for stereotype endorsement.University students with a relapse of depression scored significantly higher for the stereotype endorsement than those at first onset(P<0.05).Depressive university students originated from rural areas scored significantly higher on DSSS total score,stigmatizing experiences or stereotype endorsement score compared with those from urban areas(P<0.05).Statistically significant differences in DSSS total score,stigmatizing experiences,secrecy or stereotype endorsement score were noted across depressive university students with varied duration of illness(P<0.01).The DSSS total score,stigmatizing experiences and secrecy scores also differed significantly across the depressive university students majoring in different professional disciplines(P<0.05).The differences in DSSS total score,stigmatizing experiences and stereotype endorsement scores were statistically significant across the depressive university students depending on their school-years(P<0.01).Conclusion The score of depression self-stigma of college students is high on the whole,and there are differences in different demographic variables.The administrators of colleges and universities should take appropriate measures and integrate the resources of professional hospitals and parents,effectively reduce the self-stigma of college students’depression.