医学院校大学生学校适应的归因研究

An attribution study on school adjustment among medical college students

目的探讨医学院校大学生学校适应现状及其与归因的关系。方法采用中国大学生适应量表、多维多向归因量表对500名大学生进行问卷调查。结果(1)医学院校大学生学校适应状况良好(3.33±0.47),但学习适应表现较差(3.16±0.53)。(2)不同专业意愿、不同经济状况、不同家庭关系、是否独生子女、是否有留守经历的大学生在学校适应得分上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)情境归因倾向对学校适应具有最大的预测作用(P<0.05)。结论外归因(情境)与医学院校大学生学校适应密切相关,学校应加强校园文化建设,创造良好情境,提高大学生学校适应水平。

Objective To investigate the current status of school adjustment in relation to attributions among medical college students.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 500 college students using the Chinese College Student Adjustment Scale(CCSAS)and Multi-dimensional Multi-attributional Causality Scale(MMCS).Results(1)The medical college students in survey presented a good profile(3.33±0.47)but poor performances(3.16±0.53)of school adjustment.(2)There were statistically significant differences in the scores of school adjustment across college students depending on their intention of specialty choice,financial status,family relationships,whether or not a singleton in the family,whether or not a left-behind child in the past(P<0.05).(3)Situational attribution tendency was a significant predictor of school adjustment in these students(P<0.001).Conclusion External(situational)attribution is closely related to the school adjustment in medical college students.College authorities should exert to enhance fostering a campus culture and building up a situation that favors improving school adjustment in college students.