数字人文领域创意类开放数据竞赛价值共创的影响因素--以上海图书馆开放数据竞赛为例

Influencing Factors of Value Co-creation in Creative Open Data Competitions for Digital Humanities:Taking Shanghai Library Open Data Contest for Example

数字人文研究与实践中产生的数据作为新型生产要素,为文化服务的普惠化和个性化奠定了基础。创意类开放数据竞赛是多主体参与的开放创新形式,目标在于价值共创。文章对现有的竞赛结构元素和设计选项进行补充,为数字人文领域创意类开放数据竞赛组织、设计和管理提供参考。文章以第六届上海图书馆开放数据竞赛为例,结合焦点小组访谈法和深度访谈法进行数据收集,基于行动者网络理论,采用关键事件技术法分析主办方、开放数据提供方、参赛团队多主体经历的价值共创事件,进而识别影响竞赛价值共创的关键因素。研究发现:数字人文领域创意类开放数据竞赛价值共创的影响因素包括参与主体特征、协作形式、开放数据特征、协作平台属性和宏观环境。

As a new type of productive factor,data generated in Digital Humanities lays the foundation for the universalization and personalization of cultural services.All kind of creative open data competitions has become a new form of open innovation with multi-subject participation,which is targeted at value co-creation.By means of both focus group interview method and in-depth interview method,this paper first collects data from the Sixth Shanghai Library Open Data Contest.Then,guided by actor network theory,and by means of the key event technique method,it analyzes the value co-creation events experienced by the contest organizer,the open data providers and the participating teams,and subsequently identifies key factors influencing the value co-creation in this creative competition.In detail,key factors influencing the value co-creation in creative open data competitions in the context of Digital Humanities could be divided into five categories,i.e.,characteristics of participating subjects,forms of collaboration,characteristics of open data,attributes of collaborative platforms,and macro environment.