量性评注类否定性回应话语研究

A Study of the Expression of Negative Responses to Discourse in the Category of Quantitative Commentary

量性评注类否定性回应话语是由具有评注性功能的量的增加或减少形成的,结构中一般含有量性评注副词“又、就、还、也、才”等。主观增量副词和主观减量副词具有量性评注功能,它们往往都偏离了说话人的预期量,与反预期密切相关。预期的偏离是造成负面评价的根本原因,负面评价是由反预期引起的。负面评价容易引起否定,可以在回应语境下表达否定性话语。否定性回应话语“又来了”与“少来了”的差异主要体现在“了”的使用情况和否定性回应话语的类别以及否定性情感的强度。

The quantitative commentary type of discourse negative response is formed by the increase or decrease of a quantity with a commentary function,and is usually structured with quantitative commentary adverbs such as“you(又)、jiu(就)、hai(还)、ye(也)、cai(才)”.Subjective incremental and subjective decremental adverbs with a quantitative commentary function often deviate from the speaker’s expected quantity and are closely related to counter-expectations.Deviations from expectations are the root cause of negative evaluations,which are caused by counter-expectations.Negative evaluations are prone to negativity,which can be expressed in response contexts.The difference between the discursive negative response“you lai le(又来了)”and“shao lai le(少来了)”is mainly reflected in the use of“le(了)”and the type of negative response and the intensity of negative affect.