超声影像在评价大鼠结节性甲状腺肿的应用

Ultrasound imaging for evaluation of nodular goiter in rats

目的利用超声技术,确定大鼠甲状腺定位,同时分析评价大鼠结节性甲状腺肿模型的病变、造模程度,为结节性甲状腺肿及相关甲状腺疾病大鼠模型的诊断评估提供技术方法。方法40只6~8周龄SPF级Wistar大鼠,雌雄各半,其中20只作为对照组,其余大鼠灌服丙基硫氧嘧啶(PTU)溶液8周,构建结节性甲状腺肿大鼠模型,造模结束后对大鼠进行甲状腺超声检测,同时进行病理检测,与超声结果进行对比。结果超声检测显示,模型组大鼠甲状腺前后、内外侧径均显著大于对照组(P<0.001),同时可见模型组大鼠腺体不对称性增大,甲状腺侧叶有结节无包膜,边界较为模糊,不规整,散在有点状或条状纤维增生的强回声。模型组大鼠甲状腺切片HE染色显示,甲状腺组织形状、滤泡大小均不规则,差异较大,且上皮细胞增生明显,排列紊乱,胶质压缩且分布不均。模型组大鼠的超声和病理学检测均符合疾病诊断。结论超声检测技术可以较好地进行活体评价大鼠结节性甲状腺肿动物模型,是值得推广的结节性甲状腺肿大鼠模型的评价方法。

Objective To determine localization of the rat thyroid gland by ultrasound technology,analyze and evaluate lesions and the degree of modeling in the rat nodular goiter model,and provide a technical method for diagnostic evaluation of the rat model of nodular goiter and related thyroid diseases.Methods Forty 6~8 weeks old SPF-grade Wistar rats(male and female)were used as the control group and 20 rats were instilled with a propylthiouracil(PTU)solution for 8 weeks to establish a rat model of nodular goiter.Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland was performed after modeling,along with pathological examination for comparison with ultrasound.Results Ultrasonography showed that theanterior-posterior and medial-lateral diameters of the thyroid gland in the model group were significantly larger than those in the control group(P<0.001).Conversely,asymmetric enlargement of the gland was observed in the model group.The shape and size of thyroid tissue and the follicle size were irregular in HE-stained thyroid glands of the model group.In the group,epithelial cells were obviously hyperplastic,disorganized and unevenly distributed with compressed colloid.Ultrasound and pathological tests were consistent with the disease diagnosis.Conclusions Ultrasound is a good method for in vivo evaluation of a rat nodular goiter model.