文本整体细读:翻译史研究不可缺失的一环

A Missing Part:Overall Close Reading in Translation History Studies

翻译活动不同于一般历史事件,它会产生表征这种社会活动的语言转换与文本,史学方法长于宏观语境考察,短于对文本的微观呈现。本文认为,在历史语境中进行跨学科视野下的文本整体细读,可以避免循环论证既定的单一翻译史观,呈现翻译活动富于细节的面貌,探究翻译活动的深层特质,取得具有翻译学科本体特色的研究成果。本文列举三种文本整体细读的操作模式:(1)文本风格研究与语料库方法介入;(2)译者群体研究与文体学整体细读的综合/互文;(3)“深度翻译”研究与人类学深描方法运用,证明翻译史研究的文本整体细读并非回到真空语言研究的老路,并为今后研究的实践运用提供模式参考。

As a social activity and historical event,translating is peculiar in that it generates crosslanguage texts which require overall close reading in pertinently sufficient historical contexts if translation history studies are expected to be more meticulous and generative.This article holds that overall close reading will help to avert translation history studies from circularity in argument and redirect it to text per se.Three different modes of overall close reading are presented with examples to show their effectiveness in translation history studies.