非编码RNA在扩张型心肌病中的研究进展

Review of the role of non-coding RNAs in dilated cardiomyopathy

非编码RNA(ncRNA)包括微RNA(miRNA)、长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)和环状RNA(circRNA)调控心肌发育、分化、代谢、死亡和重构等病理生理过程,因此可能参与扩张型心肌病(DCM)的发病机制。近年来,关于ncRNA在DCM中的研究主要集中于表达谱分析、标志物筛选和作用机制等方面,本文就此做一综述。概括而言,虽然大量研究已从循环血和心肌组织中筛选出一批有潜力的差异表达ncRNA,但目前仅对miRNA和lncRNA作为DCM的诊断和预后标志物及治疗靶点进行了鉴定,迄今对于circRNA在DCM中的作用却不明确。考虑到DCM的病因复杂且具有异质性,今后研究应从更多临床样本中挖掘信息并通过基础研究进一步验证。阐释ncRNA尤其是circRNA在DCM中的潜在作用及机制将可为DCM的诊疗提供新方法和理论依据。

Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs),including microRNAs(miRNAs),long-chain non-coding RNAs,and circular RNAs(circRNAs),regulate myocardial development,differentiation,metabolism,death,remodeling,and other pathophysiological processes,and may thus be involved in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM).We review recent research into the role of ncRNA in DCM,which has mainly focused on expression profiling,marker screening,and mechanistic exploration.Several differentially expressed ncRNAs have been screened out from circulating blood and myocardial tissue as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for DCM;however,studies of circRNAs are limited.Considering the complex and heterogeneous etiology of DCM,further studies including more clinical samples are needed to supplement and validate current findings.Elucidating the potential role and mechanism of ncRNAs,especially circRNAs,in DCM will provide new method and a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of DCM.