玄武岩纤维表面改性的研究进展

Research Progress on Surface Modification of Basalt Fiber

纤维增强复合材料的力学性能主要受到纤维性能、树脂性能以及纤维与树脂间的复合材料界面性能影响。在实际应用中,纤维表面改性是增强纤维和基体之间结合力,拓展应用领域的关键。本文综述了国内外玄武岩纤维的几种改性工艺,总结了各种表面改性方法的作用机理及其改性效果,并简要介绍了玄武岩纤维的性质及应用。研究发现,玄武岩纤维经过改性后,其性能均有所改善,如表面活性提高、强度增大、界面黏结力增强等,这有利于其作为增强体制备各种性能优异的复合材料,从而应用于土木建筑、汽车船舶、石油化工、航空航天等领域。此外,本文最后还指出了玄武岩纤维改性领域目前存在的主要问题,并对未来该领域研究发展方向做出展望。

The mechanical properties of fiber reinforced composites are mainly affected by fiber properties, resin properties, and composite interface properties between fiber and resin. In practical application, fiber surface modification is the key to strengthen the binding force between fiber and matrix and expand the application field. In this paper, several modification methods of basalt fibers at home and abroad were reviewed. The mechanism and effects of various surface modification methods were summarized, and the properties and applications of basalt fiber were briefly introduced. The results show that the surface activity, strength and interface binding strength of basalt fiber after modification are improved, which is conducive to the preparation of composites with excellent performance, so as to be used in the fields of civil construction, environmental protection, automobile and ship, aerospace and etc. In addition, the main problems existing in the field of basalt fiber modification were pointed out and the future research direction of this field was prospected.