石墨烯对沥青混合料改性机理研究综述

A review on the modification mechanism of graphene to asphalt mixture

【目的】明确碳纳米材料石墨烯在沥青混合料中的作用及研究现状。【方法】通过查阅国内外相关研究文献,对比分析各种石墨烯改性沥青混合料的微观与宏观试验结果和结论,系统归纳石墨烯在沥青混合料中的作用机理与效果。【结果】石墨烯或其衍生材料与沥青混合后被沥青插层和剥离,在内部形成致密的层状结构,有效延缓了沥青的老化,同时增加了沥青中C=C的含量,提高了沥青的表面自由能;石墨烯对沥青混合料的改性机理为隔离作用、化学键能、润滑作用及黏附作用;石墨烯改性沥青混合料的高温抗车辙、低温抗裂、水稳定、压实、抗老化及愈合等性能均显著提高。【结论】石墨烯能有效改善沥青混合料的路用性能,为今后道路工程的发展提供了新思路。降低石墨烯使用成本及石墨烯在沥青混合料中最佳掺量等方面的研究有待深入探讨。

[Purposes]This work aims to review the research status of the role of carbon nanomaterial graphene in asphalt mixtures. [Methods] Various microscopic and macroscopic test results and conclusions were compared and analyzed by referring to the relevant literature on graphene-modified asphalt mixtures at home and abroad. Then the mechanism and effect of graphene in asphalt mixture were systematically summarized.[Findings] Graphene or its derivative material is intercalated and stripped by asphalt after mixing with asphalt to form a dense layered structure inside, which effectively delayed the aging of asphalt, meanwhile, the formed dense layered structure increased the content of C=C in asphalt, and improved the surface free energy of asphalt.The mechanisms of its modified asphalt mixture were isolation, chemical bond energy, lubrication and adhesion.The properties of graphene-modified asphalt mixture such as high temperature rutting resistance, low temperature cracking resistance, water stability, compaction, anti-aging and healing were significantly enhanced.[Conclusions] Graphene has an obvious improvement effect on the road performance of asphalt mixture, which provided a new idea for developing subsequent road engineering. The research on reducing the use cost of graphene and the optimum content of graphene in asphalt mixture needs further discussion.