薄壁结构中壳单元与实体单元的有限元差异分析

Finite element difference analysis of shell element and solid element in thin-walled structure

使用ANSYS有限元分析软件对薄壁结构进行有限元分析时,单元类型的选取对分析结果 的精度产生很大影响。通过使用实体单元和壳单元对一个钢管封头模型进行有限元分析,比较两种单元类型的分析结果差异。计算结果表明,使用合适的单元尺寸,并在厚度方向进行剖分网格,实体单元的分析结果与壳单元误差只有3.33%,对于封头顶点这类接近平面的部位,两者误差仅有2.23%。而单元尺寸变大后,实体单元的分析结果偏离准确值较壳单元更明显。因此,使用实体单元分析需要合适的网格尺寸。

When using ANSYS finite element analysis software to analyze thin-walled structures,the selection of element type has a great influence on the accuracy of analysis results.The finite element analysis of a steel pipe head model is carried out by using solid element and shell element to compare the analysis results of the two element types.When the element size increases,the deviation from the exact value of solid element is more obvious than that of shell element.Therefore,using solid cell analysis requires appropriate mesh sizes.