锂硫电池正极复合材料研究进展

Research Progress of Cathode Composite Materials for Lithium-sulfur Batteries

相对于传统锂离子电池,锂硫电池有着理论能量密度高(2600Wh/kg)、成本低等特点,近年来成为研究热点。为了解决硫正极及其放电产物导电性差,在放电过程存在体积膨胀,充放电过程产生的多硫化物易溶于电解液,以及产生穿梭效应等问题,具有特殊微观结构的碳材料、聚合物材料、高极性的金属化合物材料被引入在硫正极材料中。综述了上述材料的研究进展,并对新型锂硫电池复合材料的研究方向进行了初步展望。

Compared with traditional lithium-ion batteries,lithium-sulfur batteries have many advantages such as high theoretical energy density(2600Wh/kg)and low cost,and become a research hotspot in recent years.However,the sulfur positive electrode and its discharge product have poor conductivity,and volume expansion occurs during the discharge.The polysulfides produced during the charging and discharging process are easily soluble in the electrolyte,causing the shuttle effect.Studies have shown that carbon materials and polymer materials with special microstructure,the metal compound material with high polarity,and their hybrid materials can effectively resolve the above problems.The research progress about the introduction of the above materials into sulfur cathode materials was summarized,including a preliminary outlook on the research direction of new lithium-sulfur battery composite materials.