合成红宝石的鉴别特征

Identification characteristics of the synthetic ruby

合成红宝石常见的方法包括焰熔法、水热法和助熔剂法等,合成条件与自然界中天然宝石生长环境相似,折射率、双折射率和相对密度等常规参数特征与天然红宝石基本相同,且外观相似易混淆。文章拟通过放大观察内部包体特征,借助常规宝石学仪器、拉曼光谱等仪器对三种合成方法的红宝石进行鉴别。通过观察和对比分析,以及与前人文献综述的结合,得出了不同的合成方法其内部的生长纹、助熔剂包体、气泡、“指纹状”包裹体和未熔化粉末等特征包裹体存在明显的差异,放大检查可作为鉴别不同方法合成红宝石的主要鉴别特征。

The common synthetic method of ruby includes the flame melting method, hydrothermal method and flux method. The synthetic condition is similar to the natural gem growth environment, and the conventional parameters such as refractive index, birefringence and relative density are basically the same as those of natural ruby, and the appearance is similar and easy to be confused. In this paper, the characteristics of internal inclusions are observed by magnifying, cathodoluminescence, Raman spectroscopy and other instruments to identify the three synthetic methods of ruby. Through observation and comparative analysis, as well as the combination of previous literature review, it is concluded that different synthetic methods have the obvious differences in the characteristic inclusions such as growth lines, flux inclusions, bubbles, "fingerprint" inclusions and unmelted powder. It is provided to a theoretical basis for the identification of the synthetic ruby.