重点生态功能区农牧民草原保护的生态认知、意愿与形成机制——基于TPB与VBN整合模型

Ecological cognition and intention of grassland protection for farmers and herdsmen and its formation mechanism in the ecological function area:Integrating theory of TPB and VBN

农牧民作为草原保护管理政策的最终执行者,源自其内应力的自我管理机制是草原生态保护的基础。文中基于甘南黄河水源补给生态功能区564户农牧民的调查数据,整合TPB和VBN理论,运用结构方程模型对农牧民草原保护的生态认知、意愿与形成机制进行了实证研究。结果表明,74.468%的农牧户具有较高的草原生态保护意愿,行为态度、主观规范、感知行为控制和个体规范均直接影响农牧民草原生态保护的行为意愿,拥有“人—地和谐共处”生态世界观的农牧民具有更强烈的结果意识和进行草原生态保护的道德责任感;农牧户草原生态保护意愿的形成是以生态世界观为根本触发点,以结果意识为关键节点,连接其他因素及其多重链式作用关系互相嵌套,最终形成递阶有序的网络结构;结果意识对农牧民草原生态保护的行为意愿不存在直接影响,其通过触发责任归因,激活个体规范对意愿产生间接影响。

Farmers and herdsmen are the final executors of grassland protection and management policies.Their behavior has the dual attributes of“economic rationality”and“ecological rationality”,and the self-management mechanism derived from the internal stress of farmers and herdsmen is the fundament of grassland ecological protection.Using the survey data of 564 farmers and herdsmen in the Yellow River water catchment ecological function area of Gannan,the formation mechanism and the factors influencing the grassland ecological protection intention of farmers and herdsmen are analyzed based on integration of TPB and VBN and structural equation model.The results show that 74.468%of farmers and herdsmen have a high willingness to protect grassland ecology.The farmers and herdsmen with the ecological world view of“harmoniously co-exist of man and land”have a stronger sense of awareness of consequences and moral responsibility for grassland ecological protection.The behavior attitude,subjective norms,perceived behavioral control and personal norms affect positively the behavior intention.The formation mechanism of farmers and herdsmen’s intention to protect grassland ecology is fundamentally triggered by the ecological world view,taken the awareness of consequences and personal norms as the key link nodes,and nested other factors with each other according to the causal relationship,and finally a hierarchical and orderly structural network is formed.The awareness of consequences has no direct impact on farmers and herdsmen’s behavioral willingness to protect grassland ecology,but it has indirect impact on their willingness by triggering responsibility attribution and activating individual norms.