2018-2021年广元市户籍居民死因监测分析

Monitoring and analysis of death causes of registered residents in Guangyuan City from 2018 to 2021

目的 了解2018—2021年广元市户籍居民的死亡水平,分析死因分布,为政府制定疾病预防控制策略提供参考。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统—人口死亡信息登记管理系统中导出的2018—2021年广元市户籍居民死亡报告卡基本信息,户籍人口数据由四川省公安厅提供,使用Excel 2013、SPSS 24.0软件对数据进行整理和描述性分析,率的比较采用χ2检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2018—2021年广元市户籍人口数为11 951 734人,年均2 978 513人,男女性别比1.05∶1,65岁以上人口占比分别为13.64%、14.41%、15.15%和15.87%。共报告户籍死亡人数78 722例,年均死亡率为658.67/10万,标化死亡率456.89/10万,男性年均死亡率为749.34/10万,标化死亡率541.30/10万,女性年均死亡率为563.29/10万,标化死亡率357.03/10万。2018—2021年总死因顺位前10依次是恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、损伤及中毒、消化系统疾病、内分泌营养代谢疾病、其他疾病、神经系统疾病、传染病,前3位占全死因构成的63.71%。结论 广元市户籍人口为老龄化结构,老龄化进程不断加重,男性死亡率高于女性,导致居民死亡的主要疾病前3名均为慢性非传染性疾病且全死因占比超过60%,慢性病依然是影响居民健康的最重要因素。应针对慢性病的主要危险因素,探索新的慢病防控策略,健全慢病防控体系。

Objective To understand the mortality and its characteristics of registered residents in Guangyuan City from 2018 to 2021,to analyze the distribution of death causes,and to provide reference for the government to formulate disease prevention and control strategies.Methods The basic information of death report cards of registered residents in Guangyuan City from 2018 to2021 was derived from Population Death Information Registration and Management System of China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control.Registered population data were provided by Sichuan Provincial Public Security Department.The data were sorted and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological statistical methods through Excel 2013 and SPSS 24.0 software.Chi-square test was used for the comparison of rates,and the test level was α=0.05.Results From 2018 to 2021,the registered population of Guangyuan City was 11 951 734,with an average annual population of2 978 513.The male to female ratio was 1.05∶1.The people aged over 65 years old accounted for13.64%,14.41%,15.15% and 15.87%,respectively.A total of 78 722 deaths of registered residents were reported,with an average annual mortality rate of 658.67/10~5and a standardized mortality rate of 456.89/10~5.The average annual mortality rate of males was 749.34/10~5and the standardized mortality rate was 541.30/10~5.While the average annual mortality rate of females was 563.29/10~5and the standardized mortality rate was 357.03/10~5.The top ten causes of death from 2018 to 2021were malignant tumors,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory system diseases,heart diseases,injuries and poisonings,digestive system diseases,endocrine nutritional and metabolic diseases,other diseases,nervous system diseases and infectious diseases.The first three causes accounted for63.71% of all causes of death.Conclusions The registered population in Guangyuan City had an aging structure,and the aging process was getting worse.The mortality rate of males was higher than that of females.The top three major diseases leading to the death of residents were all chronic non-communicable diseases,which accounted for more than 60% of the total causes of death.Thus,chronic diseases are still the most important factors affecting the health of residents.We should explore new strategies for chronic disease prevention and control and improve the chronic disease prevention and control system according to the main risk factors of chronic diseases.