2021年绵阳市大气污染物与心脑血管疾病每日死亡数关系的病例交叉研究

A case-crossover study on the relationship between air pollutants and the daily death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Mianyang City in 2021

目的 探讨2021年绵阳市大气污染物对心脑血管疾病每日死亡数的影响,为心脑血管病人制定健康策略提供依据。方法 采用时间分层病例交叉研究,分析绵阳市2021年大气污染物与心脑血管疾病每日死亡数的联系。结果 在控制气象因素后,单污染模型发现二氧化硫(SO_(2))浓度每升高10μg/m~3,每日心脑血管死亡数增加,表现为当日效应,OR值为41.078(11.637~77.284);二氧化氮(NO_(2))浓度每升高10μg/m~3,每日心脑血管死亡数增加,表现为滞后效应,滞后2 d(NO_(2)lag2),OR值为5.093(1.557~8.751)。多污染模型发现,在控制气象因素和一氧化碳(CO)后,SO_(2)浓度每升高10μg/m~3对每日心脑血管死亡数的影响相比单污染模型有所增加;在控制气象因数和PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)后,SO_(2)浓度每升高10μg/m~3对每日心脑血管死亡数的影响相比单污染模型有所下降;在控制气象因素和CO后,NO_(2)lag2每升高10μg/m~3对每日心脑血管死亡数的影响相比单污染模型有所增加。结论 绵阳市污染物中,固态污染物PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)对与心脑血管疾病每日死亡数无影响,SO_(2)和NO_(2)对心脑血管疾病每日死亡数有影响,会增加心脑血管疾病每日死亡数。

Objective To explore the influence of air pollutants on the daily death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Mianyang City in 2021,and to provide basis for the development of health strategies for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular patients.Methods A time-stratified casecrossover study was conducted to analyze the relationship between air pollutants and daily deaths of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Mianyang City in 2021.Results After controlling for meteorological factors,the single-pollution model found that the daily number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular deaths increased with the increase of sulfur dioxide (SO_(2)) concentration by 10μg/m~3,showing a daily effect,with an OR (odds ratio) of 41.078 (11.637-77.284).The daily number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular deaths increased with the increase of nitrogen dioxide (NO_(2))concentration by 10μg/m~3,showing a lag effect of 2 days (NO_(2)lag2),with an OR of 5.093(1.557-8.751).The multi-pollution model found that after controlling for meteorological factors and carbon monoxide (CO),the effect of every 10μg/m~3increase in SO_(2)concentration on the number of daily cardiovascular and cerebrovascular deaths was higher when compared with the single-pollution model.After controlling for meteorological factors,PM_(2.5)and PM_(10),the effect of every 10μg/m~3increase in SO_(2)concentration on the number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular deaths per day was lower when compared with the single pollution model.After controlling for meteorologica factors and CO,the effect of every 10μg/m~3increase in NO_(2)concentration on the number of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular deaths was higher when compared with the single pollution model.Conclusions Among the pollutants,solid pollutants PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)had no effect on the daily death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Mianyang City,while SO_(2)and NO_(2)had impacts on the daily death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,which would increase the daily death rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.