高钨含量先进屏蔽材料的力学性能研究

Study on mechanical properties of high tungsten advanced shielding material

采用粉末冶金法制备了具有吸收中子和屏蔽γ射线的优异屏蔽性能的钨硼铝材料,研究了高钨含量对钨硼铝材料显微组织结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明,在选定的钨含量范围内,钨硼铝材料中大部分Al和W以单相存在,其中出现了WAl12相,这对钨硼铝材料起到了有效的增强作用。而随着钨含量增加,抗拉强度呈现降低的趋势。铝含量的减小不利于钨硼铝材料的结合强度,当含钨量为80%时,即80W1.46B4C/Al,具有最优的综合力学性能,抗拉强度R_(m)为252 MPa,屈服强度R_(p0.2)为209 MPa,伸长率A_(50mm)为2.1%,冲击韧性为3.0 J/cm^(2),硬度HV5为95.7。

The W-B4C/Al shielding material with excellent shielding performance of absorbing neutrons and shielding gamma rays were synthesized by the power metallurgic method. The effect of high tungsten content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the W-B4C/Al shielding material were investigated. The results show that most of aluminum and tungsten in the W-B4C/Al exist in single phase in the selected range of tungsten content, and the WAl12 phase which effectively enhanced the material is presented. With the increase of tungsten content, the tensile strength(R_(m)) tends to decrease. The reduction of aluminum content weaks the bonding strength of the W-B4C/Al shielding material. When tungsten content is 80%(80W1.46B_(4)C/Al), the prepared material exhibited the optimum comprehensive performance: the tensile strength(R_(m)) is 252 MPa, the yield strength(R_(p0.2)) is 209MPa, the elongation(A_(50mm)) is 2.1%, the impact toughness is 3.0 J/cm^(2) and the hardness(HV5) is 95.7.