环境微气候:室外热舒适在设计前期阶段的协同评价流程

Environmental Microclimate:Collaborative Evaluation Process of Outdoor Thermal Comfort at the Initial Stage of Design

城市化导致的城市热岛现象日趋频繁,影响建筑物的能源性能和室外热舒适性。以气候适应设计策略视角,利用数值模拟工具进行微气候研究正受到学界与业界的高度关注。广泛使用的动态耦合仿真、可视化工具ENVI-met及其工作流程无法在项目进度时效性和模拟仿真精确性之间取得权衡。因此,在本次研究中开发了一个应用于设计前期阶段的室外热舒适多目标协同评价流程。该框架依托于参数化运行环境,可同时调用相关软件的计算内核。得益于适度简化的计算模型和高度自由的混合编程语言,为早期设计阶段提供更便捷的解决方案。通过对多个基准模型进行室外热舒适模拟,证明该工作流程能够快速预测各类场景,并将计算结果保持在可以接受的准确性范围之内。所积累的专家知识为项目提供了设计决策依据。

The urban heat island phenomenon caused by urbanization is becoming more frequent,affecting the energy performance and outdoor thermal comfort of buildings.Microclimate research using numerical simulation tools with the perspective of climate adaptation design strategies is receiving a lot of attention from academia and industry.The widely used dynamic coupling simulation and visualization tool ENVI-met and its workflow cannot make a trade-off between the timeliness of the project schedule and the accuracy of the simulation.Therefore,a multi-objective collaborative outdoor thermal comfort evaluation process applied to the predesign phase was developed in this study.The framework relies on a parametric runtime environment that can simultaneously invoke the computational kernel of related software.Thanks to a moderately simplified computational model and a highly free hybrid programming language,it offers a more convenient solution for the early design phase.By performing outdoor thermal comfort simulations on multiple benchmark models,the workflow proved to be able to quickly predict various scenarios and keep the calculations within an acceptable accuracy range.The accumulated expert knowledge provides the basis for design decisions of projects.