精细地图融合手机信令的城市人口时空分布特征研究

Research on Spatiotemporal Distribution Characteristics of Urban Population Based on Integration of Fine Map and Mobile Phone Signaling

针对城市人口时空分布研究中缺乏以精细地图数据为支撑的地理分析方法、不能真实反映人类活动目的等问题,提出了一种精细地图融合手机信令的方法。该方法以地图为智能底板,基于信令轨迹中的基站位置与精细地块的类型,通过空间计算和时间推理得到手机用户在每个时段的驻留地块以及驻留时长,建立基于精细地块的人口空间化模型;识别每个地块中的职住人口和短期到访人口,再汇总得到任意目标区域的实际服务人口总量及人群结构,分时段研究人口流动和聚集变化特征。经过验证,该方法提升了人口时空分布研究结果的真实性和实用性,弥补了手机基站定位与用户实际位置存在偏差且无法准确识别居民行为规律的不足,为城市人口精细化管理、重点区域人流监测与安全保障、优化公共资源配置等提供可靠的决策支撑。

The research on the spatiotemporal distribution of urban population lacks the geographical analysis methods supported by fine map data,so it can not reflect the purpose of human activities.In view of this,we propose a method based on integration of fine map and mobile phone signaling.Based on the location of base station in signaling trajectory and fine plot type,we use the map as the intelligent floor and get the resident plot and resident duration of mobile phone users through spatial calculation and time reasoning.Then,we establish a population spatial model based on fine plots,identify the jobshousing population and short-term visiting population in each plot,and summarize the total population actually served and population structure in any target area to study population flow and aggregation characteristics in different periods.The experimental result shows that the method improves the authenticity and practicability of the research results,and makes up for the shortcomings of mobile phone such as the deviation between the location of base station and the actual location of users and the inability to accurately identify the behavior rules of residents.It is expected to provide reliable decision-making support for the fine management of urban population,the monitoring and security of the flow of people in key areas,and the optimization of the allocation of public resources.