基于空顶理论的煤巷综掘支护参数优化研究

Study on parameters optimization of fully mechanized excavation support in coal roadway based on empty roof theory

为研究巷道掘进期间围岩变形破坏规律及合理空顶距留设对巷道掘进效率的影响,以孟村矿地质条件为工程背景,采用理论计算和FLAC^(3D)数值模拟手段,提出适用于孟村矿4#煤层的合理空顶距留设距离和巷道支护参数优化方案;并基于数值模拟结果,讨论了不同支护方案下巷道围岩破坏情况和对掘进效率的影响。研究表明:巷道掘进期间,巷道围岩变形量相对较小;401104工作面运输巷在理想条件下的巷道掘进空顶距为3.14 m,综合孟村矿实际生产地质条件,空顶距取2 m。通过对现有支护参数进行优化,提出顶锚杆间排距为800 mm×1 000 mm,每排7根的支护方案,月进尺提高3.8倍,百米巷道支护耗材顶锚杆减少63.3%。采用优化后的支护方案可以节省支护时间,提高巷道掘进效率。

To study the law of deformation and failure of surrounding rock during roadway excavation and the influence of reasonable empty roof distance on roadway excavation efficiency, taking the geological conditions of Mengcun Mine as the engineering background, using theoretical calculation and FLAC^(3D)numerical simulation method, a reasonable plan for empty roof distance and roadway support parameters suitable for 4#coal seam in Mengcun Mine is proposed, and based on the numerical simulation results,the damage of the surrounding rock of the roadway and its influence on the driving efficiency under different support schemes are discussed. The research shows that during the tunnel excavation, the deformation of the surrounding rock of the tunnel is relatively small;under the ideal conditions of the 401104 working face transport roadway, the tunnel excavation headway distance is 3.14 m,and the actual geological conditions for production of Mengcun Mine are considered, and the empty roof distance is 2 m;by optimizing the existing support parameters, a support plan with a row spacing of 800 mm × 1 000 mm and 7 rods in each row is proposed, the monthly footage is increased by 3.8 times, and the top anchor rods of 100 m roadway support consumables are reduced by 63.3%. The use of the optimized support scheme can save support time and improve tunnel excavation efficiency.