发酵香肠乳酸菌筛选及其对产品品质的影响

Impact of Lactic Acid Bacteria Screening on the Quality of Fermented Sausage

利用香肠模型结合主成分分析(PCA),筛出了一株对香肠风味物质有显著提升的植物乳杆菌M-25(Lactobacillus plantarum,M-25)。将其添加到香肠中,以未接菌组作为对照,在川式香肠制作的第0、1、3、7、14 d对pH、Aw、色泽、过氧化值(POV)、硫代巴比妥酸(TBARS)以及挥发性风味物质进行了检测。应用偏最小二乘模型(PLS-DA),以VIP(投影中的变量重要性)>1,P<0.05作为筛选条件对香肠中的特征风味物质进行评价。结果表明,随发酵时间推移对照组和接种植物乳杆菌香肠的pH均先降低后缓慢上升;Aw显著降低(P<0.05);POV和TBARS显著升高(P<0.05);而色泽却无显著性差异(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,接种植物乳杆菌香肠的pH、Aw、POV和TBARS值均明显更低,且接种植物乳杆菌香肠中醇类、酮类和酯类物质均明显高于对照组,能明显提升特征风味物质(异戊酸、3-羟基-2-丁酮、苯乙醛和苯乙醇)的含量。综上所述,利用香肠模型筛选的植物乳杆菌M-25能有效提升香肠品质和风味特性。

Utilizing a sausage model and principal component analysis(PCA), a strain of Lactobacillus plantarum that significantly improved the flavor substance of sausage was selected. It was added to the sausage, and the pH, Aw, color,peroxide value(POV), thiobarbituric acid(TBARS), and volatile flavor substances of Sichuan sausage production were measured at 0, 1, 3, 7 and 14 d, using the uninoculated group as control. A partial least squares discriminant analysis model(PLS-DA) was applied to evaluate the characteristic flavor substances in sausages with VIP(variable important in projection)>1 and P<0.05 as screening conditions. Results showed that, the pH of control and Lactobacillus plantarumfermented sausages declined and then gradually rose with fermentation time. The Aw reduced dramatically, the POV and TBARS increased significantly, while there was no significant change in color(P>0.05). And the pH, Aw, POV and TBARS values were significantly lower in Lactobacillus plantarum inoculated sausages compared to the control group. In comparison to the control group, the sausages inoculated with Lactobacillus plantarum had significantly higher concentrations of alcohols, ketones, and esters, as well as significantly enhanced the concentrations of characteristic flavor substances(isovaleric acid, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, phenylethylaldehyde and phenylethanol). In summary, Lactobacillus plantarum M-25 selected by the sausage model was effective in enhancing the quality and flavor characteristics of sausages.