餐厨垃圾螺旋压榨装置控制系统设计及试验

Design and experiment of screw press device control system of kitchen waste

针对农村地区餐厨垃圾成分复杂,质构特性差异较大所导致的螺旋压榨减量化预处理环节不易自动控制问题,设计了一套基于可编程控制器(PLC)包括螺旋压榨压力的自动调节、装置清洁、喂入异常处理、工作状态监控以及关键数据采集等功能的餐厨垃圾螺旋压榨控制系统.该系统可自动控制螺旋压榨装置处理餐厨垃圾,实现餐厨垃圾固液分离和固形物减量化.对该控制系统下的餐厨垃圾螺旋压榨装置进行了全年0~32℃不同季节条件下作业试验,结果表明:控制系统可按照系统逻辑要求自动处理餐厨垃圾,系统可在240 s内实现压力稳定控制,并将控制精度保持在压力设定值的5%以内,驱动电动机在其额定电流的38%~50%范围内稳定运行,装置与控制系统匹配性良好.

Kitchen waste has the characteristics of complex components and differences in texture characteristics in rural areas.A control system based on PLC was designed for the screw press pretreatment with automatic pressure regulation of screw press,equipment cleaning,abnormal feeding handling,working condition monitoring,key data collection and other functions.The system could control the screw press device to treat kitchen waste automatically and realize solid-liquid separation and solid reduction.The screw press control system was tested under the conditions of 0-32℃in different seasons all year round.The results show that the control system can realize automatic running according to the system logic requirements.The system can control the device to steady state within 240 s and keep the control accuracy within 5 percent of the setting value.The drive motor operates stably within 38%-50%of the rated current,and the control system can well match the screw device for kitchen waste pretreatment.