政府与体育:1929—1937年青岛官方扶持下的国术运动

Government and Sports: Traditional National Sports under Qingdao’s Official Support from 1929 to 1937

民国时期全民体育事业与身体理想成为政府城市事务中的热点工作,国民政府第一次接收青岛后,青岛市主政者即着手发展国术事业。积极培养国术人才,广派选手参与各类国术赛演,又将国术项目深入学校课程,一系列举措体现出青岛官方致力于向各界推广国术。相较内地国术平稳运行的传统模式,在近代体育项目高度充斥的青岛城市,国术所展现出的迅疾性与凝聚力,一定程度上代表着与西式文化融合过程中的“中式对话”。在官方扶持下的青岛国术运动,不仅是近代青岛社会历史变迁的具体呈现,又成为民族主义与国家兴亡历史时代的浓重印迹。

During the Republic of China, national sports and physical fitness became a focused work of the government.After the government took over Qingdao for the first time, Qingdao municipal leaders began to promote the popularization of traditional national sports. The contestants have been sent to participate in various kinds of competitions, and the national sports have been introduced to the school curriculum. All these measures reflect Qingdao’s official commitment to promoting traditional national sports to all social circles. The traditional national sports have sprung up in Qingdao, compared with the stable mode of operation of traditional national sports in the mainland, the rapidity and cohesion of traditional national sports, to some extent, represent the "Chinese dialogue" with western culture in the integration. The traditional national sports movement in modern Qingdao under official support is not only a concrete manifestation of the social and historical changes in modern Qingdao, but also a strong mark of the historical era of nationalism and the rise and fall of the country.