近代芜湖开埠后的多维政治空间及影响

Multi-Dimensional Political Space and Influence after the Opening of Wuhu Port in Modern Times

费正清的“冲击—反应”模式一直是国外研究近代中国的主流范式,甚至对国内学界亦有深刻影响,人们似乎已经习惯以外界刺激为主线去思考中国近代社会之变的视角。然而,事物变化的根本在内因,而非外因。在中国皖江沿岸有一个叫做芜湖的内河商埠,通商后一段时间社会依然保守僵滞,中央皇权、地方势力和西方列强之间的相互博弈处于一种相对均势的状态,直到这种政治上的平衡被打破,殖民冲击的影响才显现出来。

Fairbank’s "impact response" model has always been the mainstream paradigm for foreign studies of modern China, and even has a profound impact on the domestic academic community. People seem to have been accustomed to thinking about the changes in modern China from the perspective of external stimuli. However, the fundamental cause of change is internal rather than external. There is an inland river commercial port called Wuhu along the Wanjiang River in China. After the trade began, the society remained conservative and stagnant for a period of time. The power among the central imperial power,local forces and western powers is in a state of relative balance. The colonial impact was not apparent until this political balance was broken.