生态系统稳定性的生态学理论与评估方法

The ecological theories and evaluation methods of ecosystem stability.

生态系统稳定性是生态学领域研究的重点问题,生态系统稳定性定量评估是生态系统保护工作的重要组成部分。为了解生态系统稳定性评估的研究进展,从生态系统稳定性的概念范畴、生态学理论、评估指标与评估方法等方面对国内外相关研究情况进行了梳理,最后进行了研究展望。研究指出,生态系统稳定性研究的核心内容是生态系统的抵抗力、恢复力,以及随时间变化生态系统的结构和功能在一定阈值范围内波动的状态。建议未来相关研究重点围绕以下三方面开展:(1)厘清生态系统稳定性的概念范畴;(2)研究制定实用的生态系统稳定性评估框架,针对生态系统类型和生态系统的演替阶段选择具有代表性的评估指标,同时进一步探索创新生态系统稳定性的定量评估方法;(3)加强对生态系统抵抗力和恢复力的评估,为提高生态系统对气候变化的适应能力提供支撑。

Ecosystem stability is a key concern of ecology.Ecosystem stability quantitative evaluation is an important part of ecosystem protection.To understand the progress of concerned research,in this paper,the concept,ecological theories,evaluation indicators and evaluation methods of ecosystem stability were reviewed and analysed.Finally,an outlook for future research was presented.We believe that the core content of ecosystem stability is the resistance,resilience,and the state of ecosystem structure and function fluctuations within a certain threshold range over time.It is recommended that future research can focus on the following three aspects:(1)Clarify the conceptual scope of ecosystem stability.(2)Formulate a practical evaluation framework for ecosystem stability.Select representative evaluation indicators based on ecosystem types and succession stages,and explore more quantitative evaluation method.(3)Strengthen the evaluation of the resistance and resilience of ecosystems to provide support for improving the ability to adapt to climate change.