苏州某高职院校大学生不同类型童年期虐待经历与抑郁症状的关系

Relationship between childhood abuse and depressive symptoms among vocational college students in Suzhou City

目的 了解高职院校大学生抑郁症状流行情况及不同类型童年期虐待与抑郁症状之间的关联。方法 2020年10月,采用整群抽样方法,在苏州某高职院校对在校大一、大二学生6 366名进行问卷调查。使用“童年期虐待评定量表”评价童年期虐待,采用“抑郁症状自评量表”评价抑郁症状发生情况,建立logistic回归模型,分析不同类型童年期虐待经历对大学生抑郁症状的影响。结果 该校大学生抑郁症状总检出率为23.6%,不同性别、生源地、家庭经济状况、是否独生子女、父母文化程度、是否有虐待经历的学生间检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值为7.52~22.73,P值均<0.05)。男生有躯体虐待、性虐待经历者抑郁症状检出率较高(分别为34.6%、41.4%),女生有情感虐待、性虐待、总虐待经历者抑郁症状检出率较高(分别为26.8%、31.8%、26.2%),差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值为5.60~13.04,P值均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,躯体虐待(OR=1.44,95%CI:1.07~1.94)、性虐待(OR=1.93,95%CI:1.18~3.14)与男生抑郁症状检出有统计学关联,情感虐待(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.12~1.61)、性虐待(OR=1.68,95%CI:1.26~2.23)、总虐待(OR=1.34,95%CI:1.14~1.56)与女生抑郁症状检出有统计学关联(P值均<0.05)。结论 童年期虐待经历是高职院校大学生抑郁症状的重要危险因素,应开展针对性干预,并应采取措施预防童年期虐待的发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of depression and to examine the correlation between children abuse and depressive symptoms among vocational college students. Methods A total of 6 366 freshmen and sophomores were sampled for questionnaire surveys using a cluster sampling method from a vocational college in Suzhou City in Oct 2020. The childhood abuse was evaluated using a Childhood Abuse Rating Scale, and the depressive symptoms were assessed using a Self Rating Depression Scale. The impact of different types of abuse during the childhood period on depressive symptoms was evaluated among vocational college students using a logistic regression model. Results The overall detection of depression was 23.6% among the participants, and there were gender-,residence-,family economic status-,one-child family-,parental education level-and abuse experience-specific detection rates of depressive symptoms among vocational college students(χ~2= 7.52 to 22.73,all P<0.05). A higher detection rates of depression were observed among men with experiences of physical(34.6%) and sexual abuse(41.4%),and among women with experiences of emotional(26.8%),sexual(31.8%) and total abuse(26.2%)(χ~2= 5.60 to 13.04,all P values<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that physical abuse [OR=1.44,95%CI:(1.07,1.94)] and sexual abuse [OR=1.93,95%CI:(1.18,3.14)]correlated significantly with the prevalence of depression among men, and emotional [OR=1.34,95%CI:(1.12,1.61)],sexual [OR=1.68,95%CI:(1.26,2.23)] and total abuse [OR=1.34,95%CI:(1.14,1.56)] correlated significantly with the prevalence of depression among women(all P<0.05).Conclusion The experience of childhood abuse is an important risk factor for depressive symptoms among vocational college students.Targeted interventions are recommended for preventing the development of childhood abuse.