瘢痕鳞状细胞癌的研究进展

Research progress in scar squamous cell carcinoma

瘢痕鳞状细胞癌是瘢痕癌的一种常见的类型。在感染、紫外线照射等致癌因素环境下,瘢痕组织常发生癌变,尤以瘢痕鳞状细胞癌占比最高。烧伤瘢痕是瘢痕鳞状细胞癌最常见的恶性转移病灶,其发生也与手术及创伤病史、难愈合瘢痕病变及感染等因素相关。瘢痕恶性转化的发生率低且具有隐匿性,常导致诊断困难、延迟甚至漏诊,增加患者的晚期转移率,导致患者预后不良。因此,本文着重探讨了瘢痕鳞状细胞癌发生的流行情况、病因、发病机制、临床表现及病理表现,综述了针对不同类型病变现有的手术治疗与辅助疗法,为早期诊断和预防做准备,以期降低瘢痕鳞状细胞癌发生率、改善患者预后。

Scar squamous cell carcinoma is a common type of scar carcinoma.In the environment of infection,ultraviolet radiation and other carcinogenic factors,scar tissue often becomes cancerous,especially in scar squamous cell carcinoma.Scar squamous cell carcinoma is most common in malignant transformation of burn scars,and its occurrence is also related to surgical and trauma history,chronic ulcers,and infection.The incidence of malignant transformation of scar is low and occult,which often leads to difficulty in diagnosis,delay or even missed diagnosis,increases the late metastasis rate of patients,and leads to poor prognosis.Therefore,this article focuses on the prevalence,etiology,pathogenesis,clinical presentations and histopathology of scar squamous cell carcinoma,and reviews the existing surgical treatment and adjuvant therapy for different types of lesions,so as to prepare for early diagnosis and prevention,in order to reduce the incidence of scar squamous cell carcinoma and improve the prognosis of patients.