我国高校高水平运动员自我管理对运动成就的影响——自我效能感的中介作用

Influence of Self-management of High-level Athletes in Chinese Universities on Sport Performance——the Mediating Role of Self-efficacy

自我管理一直是高校运动员有效平衡学习、训练和生活的能力,也是实现自我价值和成就目标的必要途径。本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法等研究方法对我国高校高水平运动员的自我管理、运动成就目标以及自我效能感的中介作用进行研究。研究结果:自我管理中的时间管理、学习管理、认知管理、情绪管理、压力管理、健康管理、绩效管理及激励管理八个维度两两之间呈显著正相关,并与自我效能感及运动成就的三个维度之间呈显著正相关;运动成就中的任务目标、自我关联目标及他人关联目标三个维度之间两两呈显著正相关,并且与自我效能感呈显著正相关;自我效能感在自我管理与运动成就之间存在部分中介效应,即高水平运动员的自我管理不仅能直接影响其运动成就,而且可以通过其自我效能感的中介作用间接影响其运动成就。建议:高校要因材施教,从高水平运动员的自我效能感的中介作用出发,改善高校的管理环境,在促进高水平运动员自我管理能力的可持续发展的同时,促进获得优异竞赛成绩。

Self-management has always been the ability of college athletes to effectively balance their study,training and life,and it is also a necessary way to realize their self-value and goals.The study of self-management,sport performance goal and the mediation role of self-efficacy of high-level athletes in China is conducted.Results:In time management,learning management,cognitive management,emotion management,stress management,health management,performance management and incentive management,showed a significant positive correlation,as well as with the three dimensions of self-efficacy and motor achievement;There were significant positive correlations between the three dimensions of task goal,self-association goal and others’association goal;there is a mediating effect of self-efficacy between self-management and motor achievement,that is,the self-management of high-level athletes can not only directly affect their athletic achievements,and can indirectly influence their motor achievements through the mediation of their self-efficacy.Colleges and universities should teach students in accordance with their aptitude,start from the intermediary role of the self-efficacy of high-level athletes,improve the management environment of colleges and universities,promote the sustainable development of high-level athletes’self-management ability,and obtain excellent competition results.