心肺适能运动处方运动强度确定方法研究述评

A Review of the Methods for Determining Exercise Intensity of Exercise Prescriptions for Cardiopulmonary Fitness

目的:探讨心肺适能运动强度确定方法,深入认识不同运动强度确定方法适用范围、可操作性和可靠性。研究方法:本文采用文献资料法、数据统计法、对比分析法等方法。研究结果:①基于最大生理值、代谢当量(MET)、生理代谢相关阈值、主观感觉量表、谈话测试法确定运动强度的方法,应用范围各有不同,其中基于最大生理值确定运动强度的方法应用范围广泛。②最大生理值、代谢当量(MET)、生理代谢相关阈值确定运动强度的客观方法测量数据的可靠性较高,但不易操作。③主观感觉量表、谈话测试法确定运动强度的主观方法,实施便捷,易操作,但测试的数据可靠性偏低。建议:①心肺适能运动处方运动强度的确定方法应采用主、客观相结合的方式,建议心肺适能运动依最大生理值的百分比确定运动强度的方法制定运动处方时,健康锻炼人群在实际应用时应选择主观用力量表进行辅助监测。②基于生理代谢相关阈值确定运动强度的方法由于在实际操作中的局限性相比其他方法较大,建议运用谈话测试估算通气阈值,使其在一定程度上达到相同的干预效果。

This paper aims to explore the methods for determining exercise intensity of prescriptions for cardiorespiratory fitness and to gain insight into the scope of application,operability and reliability of different exercise intensity determination methods.The results include:(a)The methods for determining exercise intensity based on maximum physiological value,metabolic equivalent(MET),physiometabolic-related threshold,subjective sensory scale,and talk test method have different ranges of application,among which the method for determining exercise intensity based on maximum physiological value has a wide range of application.(b)The objective methods of determining exercise intensity based on maximum physiological values,metabolic equivalents(MET),and physiological metabolic-related thresholds have higher reliability of measurement data,but are not easy to manipulate.(c)Subjective methods for determining exercise intensity by subjective sensory scale and talk test method are convenient to implement and easy to operate,but the data reliability of the test is low.The method of determining exercise intensity for cardiorespiratory fitness exercise prescription should be a combination of subjective and objective methods.It is recommended that when the method of determining exercise intensity for cardiorespiratory fitness exercise based on the percentage of the maximum physiological value is used to develop exercise prescription,the healthy exercise population should choose the subjective use of force scale for auxiliary monitoring when it is actually applied.The method of determining exercise intensity based on physiological metabolism-related thresholds has greater limitations in practice compared with other methods,and it is suggested that the use of conversation tests to estimate ventilation thresholds should be used to achieve the same intervention effect to a certain extent.