桥式起重机运行机构制动器的改进设计

Improved design of bridge crane brake

制动器是桥式起重机运行机构重要的安全部件,传统的常闭式制动器很难满足桥式起重机精确定位的要求,特别是运行机构在没有调速功能的情况下,对位过程往往需要反复点动才能完成,这既不符合安全操作规程,也存在很大的安全隐患,甚至会导致严重事故。文中在对起重机常用制动器进行研究的基础上,对传统的桥式起重机运行机构制动器做了改进设计,既不依赖于电子电路元件,也不依赖于液压元件,是一款纯机械式制动器。结构简单、可靠性高、操纵灵活,可随时改变制动力,且制动力变化平缓,能有效减少对桥式起重机整体结构的冲击,同时,能实现桥式起重机的精确定位停车。该制动器为其他类型起重机制动器的设计提供了参考,具有一定的推广应用价值。

Brake is an important safety component of the running mechanism of bridge crane.However,the traditional normally closed brake is difficult to meet the precise positioning requirements of bridge cranes,especially when the running mechanism does not have the function of speed regulation,the alignment process often needs repeated inching to complete,which is not in line with the safety operation rules,and there are also great safety hazards,even leading to serious accidents.Based on the research of common brakes of cranes,the brake design of traditional bridge cranes is improved.The improved brake does not depend on electronic circuit elements or hydraulic elements.It is a purely mechanical brake with simple structure,high reliability and flexible operation,and can change the braking force at any time,and the braking force changes gently,which can effectively reduce the impact on the overall structure of cranes.In addition,the improved brake can realize accurate parking,which provides a reference for the design of other types of crane brakes,and has certain popularization and application value.